IOT Design System

Deepika Singh 
Academic and Technical Writer
For assignment help-infovision.deepika@gmail.com

1   Custom IoT  development  methodology for the Health care system

 

          IOT technology is one of the most revolutionized technology that has shaped the design of modern software-based services in the more adoptable way with advance features. To enable the IOT services , the IoT Platform plays a pivotal role that is a group of technologies that provides the building block for development of the IoT platform for the purposed product. Here in this report the IoT platform development methodologies will be presented. The Evolution framework to be followed for this design process is as follows-

-Defining meta-features

   The purposed platform will provide the support to the health care system that enables the individuals to exploit the on-body both portable and connected sensors for frequently monitoring the health signals originated from the human body. These signals will be related to the body temperature , pulse rate, blood pressure etc., and will be captured through sensors deployed in human body and will be communicated to the heath care analytics server. This is very critical service as it aims to provide life support to the patients. It aims to exploit the sensor-based data for analysing , profiling and managing the connected and smart heath care system( Imreh, Robert & Raisinghani, Mahesh. 2021).

Step-2 Derivation of the feature set

In this phase complete lifecycle coverage with the help of proposed IOT platform is set. In this step the various processes are broken down in following steps-

Initialization- In this step the core objective of the project , schedule , responsibilities and other necessary information for development of the IOT platform is set as well documented. Along with this majorly the feasibility of the proposed application is estimated.

Analysis – In this step the analysis of the requirement for the proposed application is set . As mentioned that the  purposed platform will provide the support to the health care system that enables the individuals to exploit the on-body both portable and connected sensors for frequently monitoring the health signals originated from the human body. So, it is analysed for which apparatuses for supporting the health care system the sensors are required to develop. Along with this the features for security and interoperability is also considered.

Design – In this phase firstly the architecture and technologies for proposed sensors are designed. The networking architecture for the proposed IOT platform is designed . According to the research study conducted the various technologies proposed for supporting the health care system are as follows-

 

Along with this technology for supporting the front end and backend design is also set. We are suggesting Arduino platform as it is widely used and is easily available. Secondly it is compatible with modern technologies. Along with this monitoring system with appropriate log files are also required to develop. To support the services data centre is also required to develop.

Implementation

Here in this phase the design and logic develop is converted in the actual working application with the help of appropriate programming language and platform.

Testing

In this phase the developed application is tested both for the functionality features and working  given as well for the given functionalities in the application.

Deployment

In this phase the proposed application is deployed at the actual working place . Here the proposed application will be deployed with complete training and user manuals. Along with this the features are synchronized according to the deployment site requirement.

Tasks or processes

To develop the IOT product for supporting the processes that were conducted as also explained in above section too are to define the context of the processes , life cycle of the product development, Roles of different human entities and  modelling for data products and modelling languages( Fergus, Kristin. 2012).

Roles

Role	Responsibilities
Project manager	Will perform the responsibility of initiating , planning , executing , monitoring and controlling the IOT product
IOT Architect	Will develop the IOT architecture for the product that meets the stakeholder requirements
IOT Programmer	Will perform the responsibility of implementing the IOT API for providing the interoperability , coding , configuring the smart object at the machine level.
Third party Programmer	Will perform the responsibility of the implementing and supporting of the third-party services
Data/Analyst	Will perform the responsibility of designing and implementing the data models for the data level architecture
Non-relational data storage specialist	Will perform the responsibility of implementing and managing the non-relational SQL technologies
Infrastructure Administrator	Will perform the responsibility of procuring , managing and monitoring the physical platform infrastructure.
Security Specialist	Will perform the responsibility of implementing the mechanism for ensuring the platform’s privacy, security and integrity.
Integrator	Will perform the responsibility of identifying the integration points and implementing the integration layers for addressing the interoperability issues
Medical Staff	Sharing data

 Models /Work Products

Functionalities	Particular constraints	Possible technologies and algorithms
For hospital building	Floor level accuracy	Atmospheric pressure, RFID/Wi-Fi , finger prints , Bluetooth, UWB
For activity recognition	Validity >90%	Accelerometer , RFID , Wi-Fi, decision trees , genetic algorithms , neural network and thresholding
For Vital Sign monitoring such as heart rate	non-invasive method	Electrocardiogram, infrared and acoustic
Classification of the behaviour	High validity required	Neural network, decision tree , k-nearest neighbourhood, genetic algorithms etc.
For control	Fast responsiveness	Inter-integrated circuit and serial peripheral  interface

 

Modelling language

To implement the application with the help of software’s the programming language such as C, C++, Python and Java will be  used. Along with this machine language such as C and Assembly programming language will be used. Proper communication protocols and smart object layer will be developed.

 

Map Table

Method Fragment	Selected/Not Selected	Justification
Lifecycle Phases	yes	It helps in defining the various stages in the chronological sequence for development.
Tasks/processes	yes	it helps in defining the work scope of each process
Roles	yes	Defines the responsibilities of developing team
Modelling language	yes	It helps in defining the programming language required for developing the working application
Model/work product	yes	Helps in defining possible technologies for product development

 

 

 

 

 

 

IOT Methodology Diagram

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Strength /Advantages and weaknesses of the IOT methodology selected

            Strengths –

The proposed methodology has defined all the phases in the most acceptable form similar to the traditional software life cycles. The proposed methodology is capable for developing the implementable application. It has provided the features for security too. In the IOT health care applications one of the most important requirement is the localization of the patient or equipment. It is very important for localizing the equipment’s and patients for collecting the signals through the sensors. Along with this each sensor has its own features and complexity as here the signals of equipment’s used for the  purposed platform will provide the support to the health care system that enables the individuals to exploit the on-body both portable and connected sensors for frequently monitoring the health signals originated from the human body. These signals will be related to the body temperature , pulse rate, blood pressure etc., and will be captured through sensors deployed in human body and will be communicated to the heath care analytics server. This is very critical service as it aims to provide life support to the patients (Kumar, Gaurav & Bhatia, Pradeep. 2012). Therefore, to design this system a very systematic approach has been utilized. To achieve the optimal result the problem formulation and product development is performed. The algorithms are also specified  according to the requirement of the health care system. Each stage defined above in the methodology is self-explanatory and helps in providing the support to the development of IOT platform for the health care system. In the above section the purpose of each phase and significance in the development life cycle. Here  in this project mainly sensors are required for collecting the data through various apparatuses attached to the patients and storing the information in the backend server . This methodology  is flexible and provides complete scope for the testing and debugging the errors and faults in the convenient manner. Along with this it is providing complete support for connecting with the IOT system devices and support for IOT

Weakness –

·       Though this methodology has provided a great support for the development of IOT platform for the health care system but the methodology is weak in respect to providing the security mechanism.

·       Along with this architecture system for error and exceptional handling is also not specified.

 

  

Cloud Computing

    Cloud Computing is a technique of modern network technology, that provides the facility of shared computer resources and data and other applications on demand. It provides the facilities to access the applications as utilities through internet.  With the help of Cloud computing we can create, configure and customize the applications online. According to the  definition of National Institute of  Standards and Technology the Cloud Computing Can be defined as –“ Cloud computing is a frame work or model for enabling on demand network access to shared network resources such as network servers, storage application and services with minimal requirement of management effort and service provider interaction. “(Y.Jadeja, K.Modi, 2012, cloud computing and virtual technology, IEEE, ISBN NO- 12762123).

     Cloud Computing has been considered as the next generation technology, Cloud Computing facilitates the users to use Servers, Network , storage etc. for their infrastructure, flexibility to use platform of either Middle ware technology or Operating System and integrating any application software as per organization need. Some of the most prominent Cloud Computing Services providers are Google, Amazon, IBM, Sales Force etc.

 Cloud computing is the most popular networking technique due to following reasons-

·         There is no requirement to develop dedicated system for processing, everything on cloud computing is possible through Internet. There is no requirement of setting a costly server, data storage and application development. So cost of working professional hiring naturally reducing.

·         This is the most cost effective application, helps in reducing the cost in an effective manner.

·          It provides the flexibility   of working from any place. Providing help to the employees as well company in hiring best skill worldwide.

·         It provides better reliability with better online control, strong mechanism for recovery, provides the facility of redundant resources benefit.

·         It provides the better facility of centralized management of all applications, the application to shared can be designed according to the organization requirement.

·         In case of any failure within a small span of time it can be shifted to another network.

·         Cloud computing provides a simple user friendly interface, so that highly technical expertise is not required to manage.

·         Another advantage of using Cloud Computing is that it provides a high level of through put, less time to perform a certain task.

·         Here with the hurdle of data handling and cost factor resolved through Cloud Computing, companies can focus on developing innovative services.

 Biggest Advantage of Cloud Computing- Mobilisation

      One of the biggest advantage of Cloud Computing is in the Mobile Systems, at present the huge amount of work is shifted from Desktop to the Mobile systems, they can be Mobile Phone, Tablets, Kindle and other Digital Devices. Mobilization has provided a great level of flexibility for the employees to the company. As whole data is transferred to the virtual Data Centre so the memory is saved as well the computing capability increases naturally. Cloud computing provides a great support to the processing power. It uses the application of   Data Ware housing techniques. It helps in improving the reliability of the network system [1].

Characteristics of Cloud Computing-

The characteristics of the Cloud Computing Services are as follows-

·         Scalability-One of the biggest feature of Cloud Computing is Scalability of the services.

·         On-Demand Services- Another characteristic of the Cloud computing is Services are available on demand and on pay basis.

·         The User-Centric Interface- the Interface of the Cloud Computing System is developed by keeping in consideration of the user requirement as well organization need.

·         Quality of Service- Cloud computing provides a great level of quality by in terms of bandwidth, performance and memory capacity.

·         Configure Capability-Another characteristic of Cloud Computing is the capability of configuring the system as per requirement.

·         Cost- General Level of Cloud Computing Service is free, as per requirement higher versions can be selected and payment is done as per selected version and features.

·         Virtualization- Another fine characteristic of Cloud Computing is virtualisation by sharing data centres and other resources.

·         Multi – Sharing- Provides the capability to Share a single Cloud –Computing Network among other network too.

·         Loosely Coupled- The Complete Infrastructure of The Cloud Computing, so there is no impact of one functionality on other.

·         Centralization- Cloud Computing provides the facility of control of the whole system through centralized system.

·         Delivery System- Cloud Computing provides the facility of reliable delivery of data within all shared resources. TCP/IP and HTTP Protocols are used for delivery of data. Along with these protocols certain other private network protocols are also implied.

·         Security- The virtualisation and Abstraction feature of the cloud computing provides a great level of security, if in case some part of the information on the cloud gets destroyed still  the virtualisation feature hides the details from getting leaked.

How movies affect Cyber Conflict- Example " We Steal your Secrets"

Film - Synopsis

This paper will present the Review of film-We Steal secrets, this is an acclaimed winning movie with great appreciation from masses. This movie tells the story of wiki leaks, a website which has created the sensation worldwide for displaying the story of the secret contents of countries, has faced criticism, threat, appreciation and risk worldwide. This movie also tells the story of the founder  of wiki leaks and  the de facto Leader- Mr Julian Assange from Australia and his primary associate – former U.S Army Soldier and Cyber Expert Mr Bradley Manning. It is a high Budget movie directed by Oscar Winning Film Maker Mr Alex Gibney , has wonderfully presented the mysterious website and its leaks. Here in this movie the focus is about the leaks done of the 21^st century Media and its information display.

Production

    We steal secret is an Impressive depiction of sensitive website “The WikiLeaks”, it tells the story of leaks of secret information , videos of various countries. The Wiki Leaks was launched by Iceland based organization – The Sunshine Press and run by Australian activist Julian Assange. This website is famous for leaking the details of government controversies and their Military operations. This movie is again a remarkable Film creation by renowned Film maker Alex Gibney, like his previous presentations this is also a masterpiece. Alex Gibney is an Oscar winning Documentary maker. His movies present the story in very impressive way, he always try to depict the realities disclosed in his for scenic way. This movie also present the group which does not like it and the group which appreciates their braveness, like their effort to bring out the truth in front of general peoples.

     “We steal secrets: The Story of Wiki Leaks “, is not only about the leaks this website has presented , it also tells the story about the  founder of this website Mr Julian Assange, he is a Australian Hacker turned Activist. He founded the Wiki Leaks in 2006 and about his most trusted associate Bradley Manning , a American Army former soldier and computer wizard. This movie tells about the transformation of Assange from hacker to  activist.  Further this movie also talks about Pvt Bradley Manning. One important feature of making this movie was that Julian Assange did not take any part in film production nor did Bradley Manning , only there previous interview records were used to create the script of movie.

Story Brief

     This film tells the story of Founder of Website Wiki Leaks and Activist Alex Gibney and his associate Bradley Manning , this film draws the testimony of more than 20 witnesses in which Julian Assange and his associate Bradley Manning are not included. This film depicts the complex new world of Internet and how it is touching everyone’s life.  It pictures how the Internet Communications , Intelligence and widely  expanding web of Internet conflict or post web war between countries are growing and their serious impacts. It raises many International security issues and several ethical issues. The film highlights the activities in China , it depicts the unmanaged system over there. On other hand it tells the story of 22 year old U.S Army soldier and computer wizard Bradley Manning too.  His life story of the lonely, idealistic, cross dressing Intelligence analyst Army professional.  The film depicts real life like scenes how the information is gathered, how the information was put online through Wiki Leaks and its explosion effects on the concerned nation and worldwide. The cinematography is wonderful, it depicts the complexity and risk faced by Julian Assange while collecting details , The after math situation of the Julian Assange and Bradley Manning after these regular Sensitive information leaks. It displays how the U.S Army detained Bradley Manning after knowing he is part of Wiki leaks. How he made sensitive videos , how he faced the pressure after being detained and how he presented his side to be part of such sensitive website. On other hand film presents the real time scenarios how the whole world media get continuously putting eye on Wiki leaks staff. How they have to face the opposition of even their own country, how they explained that they want the truth should come out , they want to change the perception the general Public has made on several controversies and want the real truth be out . How government tackle this situation. The film also displays the life of another important associate of Julian Assange – Mr Adrian  Lamo an autistic Hacker.  The title of the movie was given by General Michael Hayden who has devoted his ten years as the director of NSA and then CIA. He is well known for his confession that “ we steal other countries secret, we cannot do it long and be successful every time”.  The film also show the press videos of U.S , U.K and other countries . The film in order to provide realistic approach the  clips scenario of news displayed by several prominent news channels have been included in the movie . This movie depicts the leak of secret Iceland banking documents, US Diplomatic documents, Afghanistan war logs and has also showed the notorious video displaying Helicopter attack on unarmed civilians by American Soldiers in Baghdad.  At the end of movie the show Julian  Assange  hiding at the London’s Embassy of Ecuador , displayed sought asylum to avoid pending  sexual assault charges at Sweden and possible criminal prosecution at US .

Audience View

It is  a highly successful movie with remarkable appreciation , this movie like wiki leaks also raised eye brows and had created sensation worldwide. Though a big group of audience loved the movie. A big group liked the concept of movie as it depicts the Julian Assange as a hero fighting to bring the truth out, another group of people say the movie should not display Julian Assange as hero as he has steal the secrets of countries and has created sensation world wide, he does this without considering its consequences , even what impact will it bring on the general public. This type of depiction through websites create Internet conflict a cyber war among countries. Well the group which supports Jullian Assange claims that with the help of this movie the audience get to know real situation , they learned how the consequences of these crimes are severe. Most importantly this movie showcases the power of Internet in modern World, how instantly it puts impact on the life of general public.

How film put Impact on Cyber Policies of countries

We are living in the age of Information and Technology, at present there is no area and   there   is no section which is not touched by IT, it has changed the whole scenario of working of the organizations and countries , but with advancements in the field of technologies there are several issues regarding security and threats to the Information system of the organizations are also developing. One important element of IT the Internet is playing a pivotal role in the deployment of services related to communication and other major areas. Every country has its own cyber system on the basis of their National Policies.

          Here this movie highlights how the  secret information can be easily leaked on Internet and how instantly it reaches the  each corners of the world , it show cases the power of information and communication technology. It displays the effect of such leaks on countries, no country at present is safe they are prone to Internet invasion, the hackers and computer wizards are leaving no stone unturned to get confidential information, hacking websites, controlling websites and much more.

   This movie is fine example of cyber conflict, this movie successfully draws attention of authorities of several countries to be more concerned about   their cyber security and  prepare their Cyber policies more effectively, developing effective cyber policies are required to develop, an extensive research is too required. The defence system should include University research team in their planning and adaption to new technologies are required. They should develop effective training program for their peoples to learn how to use their systems in a secure way. Better strategy should be developed to monitor internal or within Country networking system. Most of the attacks get successful due to internal help, so a strong checking on suspecting activities are required. Each country should make mandatory for private organizations to contribute for Implementing and research of new technologies in this area.  Must be ready to adapt new advance technologies and methods for making strong cyber policies. The countries should be open in their approach as no country can handle such situations alone they need coordination of other countries too. One should learn with the policies of other countries , a global meeting should be there to tackle such situation. Every country should have strict cyber laws and it should be made compulsory for their citizens as well other peoples visiting their country to follow these rules strictly.